Generally, there are four forms of gasket leakage: interface leakage, penetration leakage, diffusion leakage, and damage leakage.
Interface leak:
Due to insufficient gasket compression at the interface, improper finish of the flange joint surface, flange deformation, etc., leakage will occur at the sealing interface.
For interface leakage, soft cushioning material can be used to clamp the flange surface to prevent it.
Penetration leakage:
Since most soft materials are made of fibers, they are easily soaked by the medium, especially under pressure.
Due to capillary phenomenon, the medium will penetrate into the low pressure side, forming penetration.
Diffusion leak:
Driven by the concentration difference, the medium passes through the sealing gap or the material transfer generated by the capillary of the sealing material to cause leakage.
Diffusion is the result of molecular motion and is not one-way.
When sealing with extremely small pressure difference or in a vacuum state, or when sealing permeable substances such as nitrogen and hydrogen, as well as highly toxic and radioactive substances, special attention should be paid to two types of leakage: penetration and diffusion.
Destruction leak:
The working conditions in the sealing part are relatively harsh, with large thermal deformation, frequent vibration and impact, improper installation, excessive fastening force, repeated use, compression deformation, internal stress concentration, damage exceeding fatigue strength, material aging and deterioration, etc. Will cause damage and leakage.
This kind of leakage has the greatest impact and is also harmful, so prevention must be strengthened.
